Modern Perspectives. Psychology
- Modern Freudians changed the emphasis to a kind of neo-Freudianism
- Skinner's operant conditioning of voluntary behavior became a major force in the 20th century; he introduced the concept of Reinforcement to behaviorism.
• Humanism
- Focuses on free will and the human potential for growth
- Maslow and Rogers
- A reaction to the deterministic nature of behaviorism and psychoanalysis
• Cognitive Psychology
- The study of learning, memory, language, and problem solving
- Includes the field of cognitive neuroscience
• Biopsychology
- emerged as the study of the biological bases of behavior such as:
- hormones, heredity, chemicals in the nervous system, structural defects in the brain, and the effects of physical diseases.
• Evolutionary Perspective
- To look at the way the mind works and why it works as it does
- Behavior is seen as having an adaptive or survival value