What accounts for the growth of nationalism as a powerful political and personal identity in the nineteenth century?. World History

The era of Atlantic revolutions and their subsequent independence movements declared that sovereignty lay with the people.

States were inhabited--by people who felt themselves to be citizens of a nation, deeply bound to their fellows by ties of blood, culture, or common experience.

Science-- weakened the hold of religion on some. Migration, to industrial cities or abroad, diminished allegiance to local communities. At the same time, printing and the publishing industry standardized a variety of dialects into a smaller number of European languages, a process that allowed a growing reading public to think of themselves as members of a common linguistic group or nation.

Governments throughout the Western world--claimed now to act on behalf of their nations and deliberately sought to instill national loyalties in their citizens through schools, public rituals, the mass media, and military service.